(+)-Xylose
D(+)-Xylose
CAS: 58-86-6;133-56-2;141492-19-5
Molecular Formula: C5H10O5
(+)-Xylose - Names and Identifiers
| Name | D(+)-Xylose |
| Synonyms | D-XYL XYLOSE XYLOSE-D D-Xylose HSDB 3273 FEMA 3606 WOOD SUGAR (+)-Xylose CCRIS 1899 D(+)-Xylose BRN 1562108 FEMA No. 3606 XYLOSE, D-(+)- D-xylopyranose D-XYLOPYRANOSE UNII-A1TA934AKO D-(+)-WOOD SUGAR beta-D-xylopyranose alpha-D-xylopyranose 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxypentanal 4-01-00-04223 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) |
| CAS | 58-86-6 133-56-2 141492-19-5 |
| EINECS | 200-400-7 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C5H10O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h1,3-5,7-10H,2H2/t3-,4+,5+/m0/s1 |
(+)-Xylose - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C5H10O5 |
| Molar Mass | 150.13 |
| Density | 1.525 |
| Melting Point | 154-158°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 191.65°C (rough estimate) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | 20 º (c=10, H2O) |
| Flash Point | > 100°(212°F) |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, soluble in pyridine and hot ethanol, slightly soluble in cold ethanol. |
| Vapor Presure | 1.22E-08mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | White crystal or crystalline powder |
| Specific Gravity | 1.535 |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05'] |
| Merck | 14,10087 |
| BRN | 1562108 |
| pKa | pKa (18°): 12.14 |
| PH | 4.0-6.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Refractive Index | 20 ° (C=10, H2O) |
| MDL | MFCD00064360 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless to white crystals or white crystalline powder, slightly special odor and sweet taste. Sweetness is about 40% of sucrose. The relative density is 1.525, the melting point is 114 ℃, the optical rotation is right and the optical rotation is changed, and the specific optical rotation is [α]D20 +92 ° ~ +18.6 °. Soluble in water (100g/mL) and hot ethanol, insoluble in ethanol and ether. The human body cannot digest and cannot use it. Natural products are present in a variety of mature fruits. |
| Use | Mainly used for the preparation of xylitol, in food processing, pharmaceutical industry also has a wide range of applications |
(+)-Xylose - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | ZF2285000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29400090 |
| Hazard Note | Irritant |
(+)-Xylose - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Sodium carbonate Charcoal Sulfuric acid |
| Downstream Products | Xylitol |
(+)-Xylose - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
xylose is a five-carbon sugar, and there is a dynamic equilibrium between the open chain aldehyde structure and the competing epoxy hemiacetal structure, and thus there is a variable optical rotation phenomenon. The specific optical rotation [Alto is +18.6. ~ +92.. Xylose is colorless or white crystal, or white crystalline powder, slightly special
Odor and sweet taste. Soluble in water and hot ethanol, insoluble in ethanol, ether, relative density of 1. 525, melting point of 144 ℃, sweetness is about 40% of sucrose, the human body can not digest and absorb.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
(+)-Xylose - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
xylose is widely found in plants, such as bagasse, Camellia shell, corn cob and rice husk, etc. Most of the above agricultural products are rich in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose can be converted into corresponding sugars by hydrolysis, dissolved in water to become mixed sugar solution, and sugar alcohol can be obtained after the solution is refined, concentrated and hydrogenated, the polypentose in hemicellulose is cleaved in The glycosidic bonds at the time of hydrolysis and can be combined with water molecules to generate xylose. Lignin can be removed by precipitation without change during hydrolysis and used for papermaking or other purposes. Typical preparation methods include neutralization method, ion exchange deacidification method, electrodialysis deacidification method, crystallization method, continuous hydrolysis chromatography separation method and the like. Among them, neutralization method and ion exchange deacidification method are mature process routes. 1. Neutralization method. 2, ion exchange acid removal method.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:13:34
(+)-Xylose - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is calculated as dry product, containing C5 H10 0 5 should be 98. 0% ~ 102.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
(+)-Xylose - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is white or off-white crystals, or colorless needles, slightly sweet.
- This product is soluble in water, soluble in hot ethanol, slightly soluble in ethanol.
specific rotation
take about 10g of this product, accurately weigh it, put it in a 100ml measuring flask, dissolve it with 80ml of water and ammonia test solution lm l, dilute it with water to the scale, shake it well, and place it for 30 minutes, measured according to law (General rule 0621), the specific rotation was 18.5. -19. 5.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:20:50
(+)-Xylose - Introduction
Pharmacological effects: It has a high proliferation effect on bifidobacteria in the human intestine, can improve the human microecological environment, and improve the body's immunity. It is mainly used to produce xylitol. It is also widely used in food processing and pharmaceutical industry.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:26:36
(+)-Xylose - Use
Open Data Verified Data
for non-caloric sweeteners, suitable for patients with obesity and diabetes, is also the raw material of sauce color and flavor raw materials.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:13:35
(+)-Xylose - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- take 0. lg of this product, add 10ml of water to dissolve, add 3ml of Alkaline copper tartrate test solution, and heat to produce red precipitate.
- in the chromatogram recorded under the content determination item, the retention time of the main peak of the test solution should be consistent with the retention time of the main peak of the reference solution.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the reference product (General rule 0402).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:20:51
(+)-Xylose - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
acidity
Take 5.0g of this product, add 25ml of water to dissolve it, and determine it according to law (General rule 0631). The p H value is 5.0~7 .0.
clarity and color of solution
take this product l .O g, dissolve with water 10m ↑, check according to law (General rule 0901 and general rule 0902), the solution should be clear and colorless.
chloride
take l_0 g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0801). Compared with the control solution made of 5. 0ml of standard sodium chloride solution, it should not be more concentrated (0.005%).
sulfate
take 2.0g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0802). Compared with the control solution made of 1. 0ml of standard potassium sulfate solution, it should not be more concentrated (0.005%).
Related substances
take an appropriate amount of this product, accurately weigh it, dissolve it with mobile phase and dilute it to make a solution containing about 5mg per lm l as a test solution; Take lm l with precision, set in a 100ml measuring flask, dilute to the scale with the mobile phase, and shake to serve as a control solution. According to the method under the content determination item, take the control solution 20 ^ 1 injection human liquid chromatograph, adjust the detection sensitivity, so that the peak height of the main component chromatographic peak is about 25% of the full scale; accurately take 20 ^ x1 of test solution and control solution respectively, inject human liquid chromatograph respectively, record chromatogram to 3 times of remaining time of principal component peak, if there are impurity peaks in the chromatogram of the test solution, the area of a single impurity peak shall not be greater than the area of the main peak of the control solution (1.0% ), and the sum of the areas of each impurity peak shall not be greater than 2 times the area of the main peak of the control solution (2. 0%).
loss on drying
take the product l .O g, dry to constant weight at 105°C (General rule 0831), loss of weight shall not exceed.
ignition residue
The l.O g of this product shall be taken for inspection according to law (General rule 0841), and the remaining residue shall not exceed.
Iron Salt
take 2.0g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0807). Compared with the control solution made of 1. 0ml of standard iron solution, it should not be deeper (0.0005%).
Heavy metals
take 2.0g of this product, dissolve it with 20ml of water, add 2ml of acetate buffer (pH 3.5), and check it according to law (the first method of general rule 0821). The content of heavy metals shall not exceed 10 parts per million.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:20:52
(+)-Xylose - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
measured by high performance liquid chromatography (General 0512).
chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
amino-bonded silica gel was used as filler; Acetonitrile-water (65 : 35) as mobile phase; Differential detector, detector temperature 40 C; Column temperature 45. Take D-xylose and fructose, dissolve and quantitatively dilute with mobile phase to prepare about D-xylose and fructose as lm g and 0. 2mg of system applicability solution, shake, take 20 1, injection of human liquid chromatography, record the chromatogram. The resolution of D-xylose peak and fructose peak should be greater than 1 .5.
assay
take an appropriate amount of this product, accurately weigh it, dissolve it with mobile phase, dilute it and make it quantitatively into a solution containing about lm g per lm l, shake it well, and accurately weigh 20 ^ 1, note human liquid chromatograph, record chromatogram; Another xylose reference substance, the same method of determination, according to the external standard method to calculate the peak area, that is.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:20:52
(+)-Xylose - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
pharmaceutical excipients, sweeteners and diluents.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:20:53
(+)-Xylose - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
sealed, stored in a cool and dry place.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:20:53
(+)-Xylose - Reference Information
| FEMA | 3606 | D-XYLOSE |
| pH range of acid-base indicator discoloration | 4.5 - 6.0 |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | xylose is colorless to white crystal or white crystalline powder, with slight special odor and sweet taste. Sweetness is about 40% of sucrose. Relative density of 1.525, melting point of 114 degrees, a right optical rotation and optical rotation, soluble in water and hot ethanol, insoluble in ethanol. Natural crystals are present in a variety of mature fruits. Sugar is a kind of by sawdust, rice straw, corn cob rich in hemicellulose of plants by hydrolysis of a five-carbon sugar, soluble in hot ethanol and pyrimidine, sweetness of sucrose 67%. Xylose is chemically similar to glucose and can be reduced to the corresponding alcohol. |
| Use | 1. Non-caloric sweetener. Used in obese and diabetic patients. It is also used to prevent the dosage of fat oxidation, to prepare raw materials of sauce color and to prepare pork and other spices by Maillard reaction. 2. Xylose has a higher proliferation effect on the human intestinal bifidobacteria, and the consumption of xylose can improve the microbial environment of the human body. Improve the immunity of the body. Xylose and food compatibility is very good, add a small amount of xylose in food, can reflect the very good health care effect. Xylose and calcium intake at the same time, can improve the body's calcium absorption rate and retention rate, but also to prevent constipation. 3. For the preparation of xylitol. 4. Because of its taste enhancement effect is obvious, can be used in the spice and pet feed Industry 5. It can be used for the production of food flavoring agents because it can cause Maillard reaction with high efficiency. 6. Because of its color effect is obvious, can be used for food non-calorie sweeteners. Suitable for obese and diabetic patients. It is also used as a fat oxidation prevention agent, raw materials for making sauce color, and the preparation of pork and other spices by Maillard reaction. It is mainly used for preparing xylitol, as a non-caloric sweetener in food and beverage, and suitable for obese and diabetic patients. Xylose has a high proliferation effect on the human intestinal bifidobacteria, and the consumption of xylose can improve the microbial environment of the human body. Improve the immunity of the body. Xylose and food compatibility is very good, add a small amount of xylose in food, can reflect the very good health care effect. Xylose and calcium intake at the same time, can improve the body's calcium absorption rate and retention rate, but also to prevent constipation. mainly used for the preparation of xylitol, in food processing, pharmaceutical industry is also widely used |
| Application | 1. Non-caloric sweetener. Used in obese and diabetic patients. It is also used to prevent the dosage of fat oxidation, to prepare raw materials of sauce color and to prepare pork and other spices by Maillard reaction. 2. Xylose on the human intestinal Bifidobacteria have higher proliferation characteristics, edible xylose can improve the microbial environment of the human body. Improve the immunity of the body. Xylose and food compatibility is very good, add a small amount of xylose in food, can reflect the very good health care effect. Xylose and calcium intake at the same time, can improve the body's calcium absorption rate and retention rate, but also to prevent constipation. 3. For the preparation of xylitol. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water: 117g/20 ℃ |
| identification test | add 2-3 drops of 5% aqueous solution of the sample to 5ml of hot Ferrin test solution (TS-80) medium, should have red precipitation. A sample of 1g was taken and dissolved by adding 25ml of water which was cooled immediately after boiling. The solution was shown to be dextrorotatory. Take 1g of sample, add 3ml of water, warm and dissolve, add 3ml of mixed solution of 2.5% benzidine ethanol solution 4ml and dilute hydrochloric acid solution (TS-117)10ml, heat in water bath for 5 minutes, the solution should be yellow to light orange. Take sample 0.5g, add water 20ml, dissolve, add phenylhydrazine hydrochloride/sodium acetate solution (TS-169)30ml and dilute acetic acid solution (TS-2)10ml, heat in water bath for about 2H, the resulting precipitate, after recrystallization from water, has a melting point of 160 to 163 °c. |
| content analysis | method 1 sample is dried at 105 ℃ for 3H and then accurately weighed about 1g, dissolved in water and fixed volume to 100ml. 10ml of this solution was taken and put into a stopper flask, and 20ml of 5% Sodium periodate solution was added to shake and then left for 20min. 1ml of propylene glycol was added, and 1-2 drops of phenolphthalein test solution (TS-167) were added for 10min, followed by titration with 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution. A blank test was performed in the same manner. Each Mi0.1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution corresponds to 5.004mg of xylose (C5H10O5). Method 2 accurately weigh 1g of the dried sample, dissolve in water and set the volume to 500ml, take 10ml of the liquid and put it into a stopper flask, add 50ml of sodium metaperiodate solution (1 → 400), add 1ml sulfuric acid, heat in water bath for 15min, add 2.5g potassium iodide after cooling, mix well and place in the dark for 15min, add starch test solution (TS-235), titrate with 0.1mol/L sodium thiosulfate solution, meanwhile, a blank test was performed. Each ml of 0.1mol/L sodium thiosulfate solution corresponds to 1.877mg of D-xylose. |
| toxicity | It has been reported that animals fed with xylose-rich feed are prone to cataract. GRAS(FEMA). |
| usage limit | FEMA(mg/kg): snack food 60.0; Reconstituted vegetable 85.0; Condiment 40.0; Sauce 40.0. |
| production method | by corn cob acid hydrolysis, yield can be 12%. The hemicellulose xylan in the wood is hydrolyzed to D-xylose by adding water to decompose the wood with acid. It is refined and concentrated by yeast and fermentation to remove glucose. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:09
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View History
Raw Materials for (+)-Xylose
Downstream Products for (+)-Xylose