四环素碱
四环素(tetracycline)
CAS: 60-54-8
化学式: C22H24N2O8
| 中文名 | 四环素 |
| 英文名 | tetracycline |
| 别名 | 四環素 四环素 四環黴素 四环素碱 水合四环素, TETRACYCLINE 四环素碱 4-(二甲基氨基)-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-八氢-3,6,10,12,12A-五羟基-6-甲基-1,11-二羰基-2-萘甲酰胺 |
| 英文别名 | abramycin bio-tetra tetracycline bristacycline Tetracycline Base bristaciclinalpha tetracycline free base 12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1 6-methyl-1,11-dioxy-2-naphthacenecarboxamide 4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-4-(dimethylamino)-4 4-(dimethylamino)-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide 4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-Naphthacenecarboxamide (4S,4aS,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide (4S,4aS,5aS,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide |
| CAS | 60-54-8 |
| EINECS | 200-481-9 |
| 化学式 | C22H24N2O8 |
| 分子量 | 444.43 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C22H24N2O8/c1-21(31)8-5-4-6-11(25)12(8)16(26)13-9(21)7-10-15(24(2)3)17(27)14(20(23)30)19(29)22(10,32)18(13)28/h4-6,9-10,15,25,27-28,31-32H,7H2,1-3H3,(H2,23,30)/t9-,10-,15-,21+,22-/m0/s1 |
| InChIKey | OFVLGDICTFRJMM-WESIUVDSSA-N |
| 密度 | 1.3809 (rough estimate) |
| 熔点 | 175-177°C(lit.) |
| 沸点 | 554.44°C (rough estimate) |
| 比旋光度 | D25 -257.9° (0.1N HCl); D25 -239° (methanol) |
| 闪点 | 431.953°C |
| 水溶性 | Limited solubility in water. Soluble in 1M HCl with heating. |
| 蒸汽压 | 0mmHg at 25°C |
| 溶解度 | 95% 乙醇: 可溶物12.5mg/mL |
| 折射率 | 1.6500 (estimate) |
| 酸度系数 | pKa (50% aq DMF): 8.3, 10.2(at 25℃) |
| 存储条件 | 2-8°C |
| 稳定性 | 吸湿性 |
| 敏感性 | Easy to absorb moisture and sensitive to light |
| 外观 | 粉末 |
| 颜色 | yellow to yellow orange |
| Merck | 13,9271 |
| BRN | 2230417 |
| MDL号 | MFCD00151232 |
| 危险品标志 | Xn - 有害物品 Xi - 刺激性物品  |
| 风险术语 | R22 - 吞食有害。 R36/37/38 - 刺激眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤。 |
| 安全术语 | S22 - 切勿吸入粉尘。 S36 - 穿戴适当的防护服。 S26 - 不慎与眼睛接触后，请立即用大量清水冲洗并征求医生意见。 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | QI8750000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-8-10 |
| 海关编号 | 29413000 |
| 上游原料 | 氢气 |
| 参考资料 展开查看 | 1. 钟敏华 朱慧玲 张馨月 等. 2012-2014年广州地区沙眼衣原体常用抗菌药的敏感性测定[J]. 中国艾滋病性病 2015(10):884-886. 2. 刘臻 施华宏 黄宏 尹大强.3种抗生素对热带爪蟾胚胎发育的毒性影响[J].安全与环境学报 2011 11(05):1-6. 3. 倪佳珩 苏芸 耿博 等. SnO_2/石英柱粒子电极的制备及降解四环素废水的研究[J]. 分析试验室 2016(6):641-644. 4. 吴学玲 吴晓燕 李交昆 等. 一株四环素高效降解菌的分离及降解特性[J]. 生物技术通报 2018 34(005):172-178. 5. 王攀攀 袁巧霞 周文兵. 光催化降解沼液中四环素类抗生素效果及反应动力学研究[J]. 农业工程学报 2018 034(023):193-198. 6. 陶美 贺玉龙 王林 等. 四环素降解菌的筛选及其降解特性[J]. 应用与环境生物学报 2018 024(002):384-389. 7. 高婉茹, 李跑, 黄昭,等. 磁性分子印迹纳米粒子对四环素的富集分离[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2019, 040(024):1-5. 8. 范世锁, 刘文浦, 王锦涛,等. 茶渣生物炭制备及其对溶液中四环素的去除特性. 9. 黄昭, 李跑, 曹亚男,等. 诺氟沙星磁分子印迹纳米粒子的制备及其富集分离[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2020(18):52-57. 10. 张济培, 韦庆兰, 谭华龙,等. 广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌对四环素的耐药性及耐药基因检测[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2015, 47(012):94-97. 11. 迟翔, 周文兵, 武林,等. 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四环素碱 - 简介
四环素是一类广谱抗生素，具有以下性质：
化学性质：四环素是一种色彩鲜艳的大环化合物，由四个苯环和一个四氢嘧啶环组成。它们可溶于水和有机溶剂，可形成稳定的溶液。
抗生素特性：四环素能有效地抑制细菌的生长，特别是对于革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌都有一定的杀菌作用。
药理作用：四环素的主要作用机制是通过与细菌的核糖体结合，阻止蛋白质的合成，从而抑制了细菌的生长和繁殖。
用途：四环素广泛用于治疗和预防细菌感染，包括皮肤感染、呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染等。它们也可用于治疗痤疮、阻止疟原虫的生长和治疗其他一些疾病。
制法：四环素可以通过化学合成的方法制得。主要的合成路线包括酮化反应、芳香取代反应、氢解和烷基化等步骤。
安全信息：四环素在一般情况下是相对安全的，但在某些特定情况下可能会产生一些不良反应。常见的副作用包括胃肠道问题、光敏感性反应和牙齿着色等。
化学性质：四环素是一种色彩鲜艳的大环化合物，由四个苯环和一个四氢嘧啶环组成。它们可溶于水和有机溶剂，可形成稳定的溶液。
抗生素特性：四环素能有效地抑制细菌的生长，特别是对于革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌都有一定的杀菌作用。
药理作用：四环素的主要作用机制是通过与细菌的核糖体结合，阻止蛋白质的合成，从而抑制了细菌的生长和繁殖。
用途：四环素广泛用于治疗和预防细菌感染，包括皮肤感染、呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染等。它们也可用于治疗痤疮、阻止疟原虫的生长和治疗其他一些疾病。
制法：四环素可以通过化学合成的方法制得。主要的合成路线包括酮化反应、芳香取代反应、氢解和烷基化等步骤。
安全信息：四环素在一般情况下是相对安全的，但在某些特定情况下可能会产生一些不良反应。常见的副作用包括胃肠道问题、光敏感性反应和牙齿着色等。
最后更新：2024-04-09 15:16:51
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