无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末,无臭,有甜味。水160、甲醇55、乙醇8.7。微溶于乙醚。易潮解。在浓氢氧化钾中生成三甲胺。
从甜菜制糖的母液中含有12%~15%的甜菜碱,可以直接回收。也可由氯乙酸与二甲胺季铵化而得产品。
饲料中加入甜菜碱具有保护饲料中维生素的作用,使饲料能耐高温、存贮期长,能大大地提高饲料的利用率,而且还可以降低成本。鸡饲料加入0. os%甜菜碱,能代替0.1%的蛋氨酸I饵料中加入甜菜碱,对鱼虾有诱食作用,可大量用于水产品的膨化剂,猪饲料中加入甜菜碱可刺激猪的食欲,而且瘦肉率提高。lkg甜菜碱相当于3. 5kg的蛋氨酸。甜菜碱提供甲基的能力为氯化胆碱的1.2倍,是蛋氨酸的3.8倍。
中文名 | 甜菜碱 |
英文名 | Betaine |
别名 | 甜菜 酣菜碱 水甜蔡 水甜菜 甜菜碱 无水甜菜碱 三甲基乙内酯 三甲铵乙内酯 三甲基甘氨酸 甘氨酸三甲胺内盐 甜菜碱,100PPM 甜菜碱(分析标准品) |
英文别名 | BET Betaine BETAINE OXYNEURINE TRIMETHYLGLYCINE Betaine anhydrous TRIMETHYLGLYCOCOLL (trimethylammonio)acetate N-TRIMETHYLGLYCINE HYDROXIDE carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium (CARBOXYMETHYL)TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE ANHYDRIDE (CARBOXYMETHYL)TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE INNER SALT |
CAS | 107-43-7 |
EINECS | 203-490-6 |
化学式 | C5H11NO2 |
分子量 | 117.15 |
InChI | InChI:1S/C5H11NO2/c1-6(2,3)4-5(7)8/h4H2,1-3H3 |
InChIKey | KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
密度 | 1.00g/mLat 20°C |
熔点 | 310 °C (dec.) |
沸点 | 218.95°C (rough estimate) |
比旋光度 | -13.1°(c=1.75,acetone) |
水溶性 | 160 g/100 mL |
蒸汽压 | 0.05Pa at 25℃ |
溶解度 | 甲醇: 0.1g/ml,澄清 |
折射率 | 1.4206 (estimate) |
酸度系数 | 1.83(at 0℃) |
存储条件 | 2-8°C |
稳定性 | 稳定。吸湿。与强氧化剂不相容。 |
敏感性 | Hygroscopic |
外观 | 晶体或结晶粉末 |
颜色 | colorless |
Merck | 14,1179 |
BRN | 3537113 |
物化性质 | 无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末,无臭,有甜味。熔点293℃(分解)。易潮解,1g本品能溶于0.63g水、1.8g甲醇、11.5g乙醇,微溶于乙醚。浓碱中会分解出三甲胺。雄大白鼠经口LD5011.2g/kg,雌大白鼠经口LD5011.15g/kg。 |
MDL号 | MFCD00012123 |
危险品标志 | Xn - 有害物品 |
风险术语 | R20/21/22 - 吸入、皮肤接触及吞食有害。 R36/37/38 - 刺激眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤。 |
安全术语 | S24/25 - 避免与皮肤和眼睛接触。 S36 - 穿戴适当的防护服。 S26 - 不慎与眼睛接触后,请立即用大量清水冲洗并征求医生意见。 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | DS5900000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-10 |
TSCA | Yes |
海关编号 | 29239000 |
上游原料 | 三甲胺 |
下游产品 | 左旋肉碱 二甲基乙酸噻亭 |
参考资料 展开查看 | 1. 明鹤 杨太新 杜艳华.不同采收时间枸杞子中枸杞多糖和甜菜碱含量的分析[J].时珍国医国药 2014 25(04):945-946. 2. 董文科, 马祥, 周学文,等. 外源甜菜碱对低温胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生理特性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 027(001):130-140. 3. 路旭平, 董文科, 张然,等. 外源甜菜碱对镉胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响. 4. 关玉婷, 刘东, 常江,等. 沙门氏菌可视化环介导等温扩增检测方法的建立及初步应用[J]. 食品科技, 2019, v.44;No.337(11):364-368. 5. 庄红艳, 姜振邦, 潘广文,等. 离子色谱法测定枸杞子和大枣中甜菜碱含量[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2017(09):401-403 6. 杨一青,李慧琴,许晓菁,沈之芹,沙鸥,李应成.非抑制离子色谱法检测甜菜碱的含量[J].精细石油化工,2013,30(04):79-82. 7. 张喜峰,王鑫鑫,张青婷,罗光宏.温敏性低共熔溶剂双水相萃取分离油用牡丹籽粕多糖[J].中国油脂,2020,45(12):93-99. 8. Zhou, Jing, et al. "A strategy for rapid discovery of traceable chemical markers in herbal products using MZmine 2 data processing toolbox: A case of Jing Liqueur." Chinese Herbal Medicines (2021). 9. Zhao, Dandan, et al. "Effect of sodium carbonate solution pretreatment on drying kinetics, antioxidant capacity changes, and final quality of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) during drying." Lwt 99 (2019): 254-261.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2018.09.066 10. [IF=13.273] Congfei Yao et al."Efficient separation of phenol from model oils using environmentally benign quaternary ammonium-based zwitterions via forming deep eutectic solvents."Chem Eng J. 2017 Oct;326:620 11. [IF=4.952] Dandan Zhao et al."Effect of sodium carbonate solution pretreatment on drying kinetics, antioxidant capacity changes, and final quality of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) during drying."Lwt Food Sci Technol. 2019 Jan;99:254 12. [IF=2.775] Congfei Yao et al."Ternary phase behavior of phenol + toluene + zwitterionic alkaloids for separating phenols from oil mixtures via forming deep eutectic solvents."Fluid Phase Equilibr. 2017 Sep;448:116 13. [IF=9.642] Shan Huang et al."Identification and quantitative chemical analysis of betaines in different organic wastes and their bioconversion composts."Bioresource Technol. 2021 May;328:124857 14. [IF=7.514] Yayuan Tang et al."Comprehensive evaluation on tailor-made deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in extracting tea saponins from seed pomace of Camellia oleifera Abel."Food Chem. 2021 Apr;342:128243 15. [IF=5.64] Wang Tuhong et al."Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for the Rapid Detection of Phytopythium vexans."Front Microbiol. 2021 Sep;0:2488 16. [IF=4.556] Dandan Zhao et al."Physico-chemical properties and free amino acids profiles of six wolfberry cultivars in Zhongning."J Food Compos Anal. 2020 May;88:103460 17. [IF=4.466] Yao Tan et al."Multiomics Integrative Analysis for Discovering the Potential Mechanism of Dioscin against Hyperuricemia Mice."J Proteome Res. 2021;20(1):645–660 18. [IF=4.411] Mingshuai He et al."Determination of Trimethylamine N-oxide and Betaine in Serum and Food by Targeted Metabonomics."Molecules. 2021 Jan;26(5):1334 19. [IF=4.142] Wang Chenxi et al."Systematic quality evaluation of Peiyuan Tongnao capsule by offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography/quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and adjusted parallel reaction monitoring of quality markers."Anal Bioanal Chem. 2019 Nov;4 20. [IF=3.512] Cui Hao et al."Extraction of Flavonoids from Scutellariae Radix using Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvents and Evaluation of Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities."Acs Omega. 2020;5(36):23140–23147 21. [IF=3] Qu Lala et al."Phenotypic assessment and ligand screening of ETA/ETB receptors with label-free dynamic mass redistribution assay."N-S Arch Pharmacol. 2020 Jun;393(6):937-950 22. [IF=2.494] Xi feng Zhang et al."A green and highly efficient method of extracting polyphenols from Lilium davidii var. unicolor Salisb using deep eutectic solvents."Chemical Engineering Communications. 2021 Jan 04 23. [IF=2.354] Mi Jia et al."The effects of ecological factors on the chemical compounds in Lycium barbarum L.."Acta Physiol Plant. 2020 May;42(5):1-13 24. [IF=2.419] Shanshan Gao et al."Development and validation of a sensitive and reliable targeted metabolomics method for the quantification of cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers in plasma by using UPLC-MS/MS."Rapid Communications In Mass Spectrometry. 2022 Mar 25. [IF=3.935] Jin Quan et al."Glycine Betaine and β-Aminobutyric Acid Mitigate the Detrimental Effects of Heat Stress on Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) Seedlings with Improved Photosynthetic Performance and Antioxidant System."Plants-Basel. 2022 26. [IF=6.057] Jing Chen et al."Excellent performance separation of trypsin by novel ternary magnetic composite adsorbent based on betaine-urea- glycerol natural deep eutectic solvent modified MnFe2O4-MWCNTs."TALANTA. 2022 Oct;248:123566 |
无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末,无臭,有甜味。水160、甲醇55、乙醇8.7。微溶于乙醚。易潮解。在浓氢氧化钾中生成三甲胺。
从甜菜制糖的母液中含有12%~15%的甜菜碱,可以直接回收。也可由氯乙酸与二甲胺季铵化而得产品。
饲料中加入甜菜碱具有保护饲料中维生素的作用,使饲料能耐高温、存贮期长,能大大地提高饲料的利用率,而且还可以降低成本。鸡饲料加入0. os%甜菜碱,能代替0.1%的蛋氨酸I饵料中加入甜菜碱,对鱼虾有诱食作用,可大量用于水产品的膨化剂,猪饲料中加入甜菜碱可刺激猪的食欲,而且瘦肉率提高。lkg甜菜碱相当于3. 5kg的蛋氨酸。甜菜碱提供甲基的能力为氯化胆碱的1.2倍,是蛋氨酸的3.8倍。
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