Octavinyloctasilasesquioxane is a highly specialized and cutting-edge biomedical compound that emerges as an indispensable tool in the battle against an array of malignancies. Exhibiting remarkable potential, this innovative compound elucidates its superiority in thwarting tumor proliferation and curtailing metastasis. Its unparallelled structure ensures bespoke administration of therapeutic agents exclusively to cancerous cells, thereby yielding heightened therapeutic efficacy while keeping unwanted repercussions to an absolute minimum.
Octakis(6-mercapto-6-deoxy)-gamma-cyclodextrin is a versatile biomolecule used in the biomedical industry. It acts as a carrier for drugs, enabling targeted delivery and improved solubility. With its specific structure, this cyclodextrin derivative can selectively encapsulate various hydrophobic drugs, enhancing their stability and bioavailability.
Octahydro-1H-1,4,7-triazonine Trihydrochloride, a chemical compound utilized in drug discovery, exhibits neuroprotective properties. It is regarded as a potent NMDA receptor antagonist, and preclinical evaluations suggest its potential for treating afflictions such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. The compound's effectiveness in targeting these and other neurological disorders has piqued the interest of scientists with promising results.
Oclacitinib, also called as PF-03394197, is a novel inhibitor of JAK family members (IC50 = 10 - 99 nM) and JAK1-dependent cytokines involved in allergy, inflammation, and pruritus (IC50 = 36 - 249 nM), without affecting a panel of 38 non-JAK kinases. It could reduce pruritus and associated inflammatory skin lesions in dogs with AD.
Oclacitinib, also known as PF03394197, is a novel Janus kinase inhibitor with activity against cytokines involved in allergy. Oclacitinib inhibited JAK family members by 50% at concentrations (IC50 's) ranging from 10 to 99 nM and did not inhibit a panel of 38 non-JAK kinases (IC50 's > 1000 nm). Oclacitinib was most potent at inhibiting JAK1 (IC50 = 10 nm). Oclacitinib also inhibited the function of JAK1-dependent cytokines involved in allergy and inflammation (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-13) as well as pruritus (IL-31) at IC50 's ranging from 36 to 249 nm. Oclacitinib had minimal effects on cytokines that did not activate the JAK1 enzyme in cells (erythropoietin, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-12, IL-23; IC50 's > 1000 nm). These results demonstrate that oclacitinib is a targeted therapy that selectively inhibits JAK1-dependent cytokines involved in allergy, inflammation, and pruritus and suggests these are the mechanisms by which oclacitinib effectively controls clinical signs associated with allergic skin disease in dogs.
Obeticholic Acid is a potent and selective farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist with EC50 of 99 nM. It reduced liver fat and reverted cholestasis in a rat model.
Obatoclax mesylate is the mesylate salt of obatoclax, a synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of the bcl-2 family of proteins with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Obatoclax binds to members of the Bcl-2 protein family, preventing the binding of these anti-apoptotic proteins to the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak and so promoting the activation of the apoptotic pathway in Bcl-2-overexpressing cells. The Bcl-2 family of proteins (bcl-2, bcl-xl, bcl-w, and Mcl-1) are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, including those of the lymphatic system, breast, lung, prostate, and colon.
An impurity of Acyclovir. Acyclovir is an antiviral drug used for the treatment of infections caused by herpes simplex virus and herpes zoster virus. It acts via inhibiting the production of virus' DNA.
NVP-HDM201 (HDM201) is a potent and highly specific MDM-2/p53 inhibitor that binds to human Mdm2 protein with a sub-nanomolar Ki value, activates p53 and induces robust p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human p53 wild-type tumor cells.
NVP-BSK805, a quinoxaline derivative, is a selective ATP-competitive JAK2 inhibitor which could induce apoptosis (GI50 < 100 nM) and restrain the growth of JAK2V617F cells (Ba/F3).
Potent and selective inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinases 1, 2, 3 and 4 (with IC50 values of 0.9, 1.4, 1.0 and 60 nM for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4 respectively); it showed siginificant antitumor activity in RT112 bladder cancer xenografts models overexpressing wild-type FGFR3.
Nutlin-3a is an inhibitor of MDM2 (human homolog of murine double minute 2), which disrupts its interaction with p53, leading to the stabilization and activation of p53. Nutlin-3a activates the p53 pathway and efficiently induces apoptosis in tumours with amplified MDM2 gene and overexpression of MDM2 protein.
Nutlin-3 is an MDM2 antagonist, inhibiting p53-Mdm2 interaction (IC50=0.09 µM) via affecting p53 binding pocket of MDM2. It has been studied in anticancer reseaches.
Nusinersen is a modified antisense oligonucleotide, where the 2'-hydroxy groups of the ribofuranosyl rings are replaced with 2'-O-2-methoxyethyl groups and the phosphate linkages are replaced with phosphorothioate linkages. Nusinersen binds to a specific sequence in the intron downstream of exon 7 of the SMN2 transcript. Nusinersen is a drug used for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which is related to the mutation in the SMN1 gene. It was approved by FDA in Dec. 2016 for the treatment of SMA in adults and children.
NU7441 is a highly potent and selective DNA-PK inhibitor (IC50=14 nM), exhibiting ATP-competitive inhibition kinetics. NU7441 increased the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation and etoposide in SW620, LoVo, and V3-YAC cells but not in V3 cells, confirming that potentiation was due to DNA-PK inhibition. NU7441 substantially retarded the repair of ionizing radiation-induced and etoposide-induced DSB. NU7441 appreciably increased G(2)-M accumulation induced by ionizing radiation, etoposide, and doxorubicin in both SW620 and LoVo cells. In mice bearing SW620 xenografts, NU7441 concentrations in the tumor necessary for chemopotentiation in vitro were maintained for at least 4 hours at nontoxic doses. NU7441 increased etoposide-induced tumor growth delay 2-fold without exacerbating etoposide toxicity to unacceptable levels. In conclusion, NU7441 shows sufficient proof of principle through in vitro and in vivo chemosensitization and radiosensitization to justify further development of DNA-PK inhibitors for clinical use.
An impurity of Terbutaline. Terbutaline is a fast-acting bronchodilator as well as a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat asthma and premature labor.
NSP-DMAE-NHS is an acridinium ester chemiluminescent reagent containing N-sulfopropyl groups. It is useful in the clinical diagnostic industry especially in automated immunochemical analyzers such as Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics' ADVIA Centaur systems.
NSI-189 is an experimental drug being studied by Neuralstem, Inc. Research into NSI-189 has been funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for the treatment of major depressive disorder. NSI-189 successfully completed a phase 1 clinical trial in 2011 where it was administered to 41 healthy volunteers. A phase 1b clinical trial for treating major depressive disorder in 24 patients started in 2012 and completed in July 2014. The study suggests that there were improvements in the patients' condition when the doses were 40/80 mg per day, but no significant improvements were seen for a higher dosage of 120 mg/day. Neuralstem intends to pursue further clinical trials for a variety of neurological conditions, including major depressive disorder, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, stroke, and natural cognitive and memory decline in aging.
NSC 23766 is a Rac GTPase inhibitor that suppresses Rac GTPase activation by the Rac-specific GEFs. It shows an inhibitory activity in the influenza virus, as well as the anchorage-independent growth and invasion phenotypes of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells.
N-Propyl Dioxepin, a chemical compound, has been found to hold immense potential in the field of neuroscience due to its ability to be leveraged in the creation of new pharmaceuticals that are aimed at treating a range of neurological disorders, including but not limited to Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. This compound has been shown to be a wonderfully proficient antagonist of the dopamine receptors, as evidenced by preclinical studies.
Norverapamil is a metabolite of Verapamil. Verapamil is a medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure, chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart, and supraventricular tachycardia. Norverapamil is a L-type calcium channel blocker and a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function inhibitor.
Norisoboldine might be a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis, and it functions through protecting joint destruction as well as regulating the abnormal immune responses.
Norhyoscyamine sulfate, a potent anticholinergic agent, exerts its therapeutic effects through the inhibition of acetylcholine activity, which makes it a valuable treatment option for several types of gastrointestinal disorders, such as motility disorders, as well as urinary incontinence. Moreover, this multifaceted medication exhibits remarkable preoperative benefits, as it can effectively reduce both respiratory and digestive secretions, underscoring its versatility and potential for widespread clinical use.
An impurity of Norepinephrine. Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline, is a marker for catecholamine-secreting tumors such as pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, and neuroblastoma.
Noopept is a nootropic and neuroprotective drug that normalizes the balance of the pro- and antioxidant systems. Noopept modulates a variety of physiological functions including cognition and anxiety. Noopept significantly weakens streptozotocin-Induced diabetes in rats.
Nonatriacontane can be used as a surfactant in detergents and other cleaning products due to its ability to reduce surface tension and enhance the ability of the product to dissolve in water.
Nolatrexed, also known as AG337, is a thymidylate synthase inhibitor with potential anticancer activity. A phase II study of nolatrexed in 2007 in advanced HCC patients demonstrated minimal activity and significant stomatitis.
