Name | (+)-Pilocarpine hydrochloride |
Synonyms | (3S,4R)- Akarpine AlMocarpin pilocarpine hcl PILOCARPINE HCL(P) PIEFELTARRAENIN IA(SH) Pilocarpin Hydrochloride Pilocarpine hydrochloride (+)-Pilocarpine hydrochloride Pilocarpine Hydrochloride (200 mg) (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one |
CAS | 54-71-7 |
EINECS | 200-212-5 |
InChI | InChI=1/C11H16N2O2/c1-3-10-8(6-15-11(10)14)4-9-5-12-7-13(9)2/h5,7-8,10H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m0/s1 |
Molecular Formula | C11H17ClN2O2 |
Molar Mass | 244.72 |
Density | 1.22g/cm3 |
Melting Point | 202-205°C(lit.) |
Boling Point | 431.8°C at 760 mmHg |
Specific Rotation(α) | 89 º (C=5, H2O) |
Flash Point | 215°C |
Water Solubility | soluble |
Solubility | 1g product is soluble in 0.3ml of water, 3ml of ethanol, 366ml of chloroform, insoluble in ether |
Vapor Presure | 1.16E-07mmHg at 25°C |
Appearance | White powder |
Color | white |
Merck | 14,7424 |
BRN | 4034491 |
Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
Stability | Hygroscopic |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Refractive Index | 1.584 |
MDL | MFCD00012722 |
In vitro study | Pilocarpine is a parasympathetic alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Pilocarpine plants of tropical American shrubs. It is a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist in the parasympathetic nervous system, the topical administration of which can be effective in the treatment of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3, such as glaucoma and xerostomia. Pilocarpine acts on a subtype of muscarinic receptor (M3) in the iris sphincter, causing muscle contraction and miosis. Pilocarpine also acts on the ciliary muscle and causes it to contract. When the ciliary muscle contracts, it opens the trabecular meshwork by increasing the tension of the scleral processes. This action promotes the aqueous humor ratio of the eye to reduce intraocular pressure. In ophthalmology, pilocarpine can also be used to reduce the likelihood of glare of light at night in patients undergoing intraocular lens implantation. pilocarpine produces a miotic effect, thereby alleviating these symptoms. The most commonly used concentration for this use is 1% pilocarpine, the lowest concentration. Pilocarpine can also be used to treat xerostomia caused by chemotherapy for, for example, head and neck cancer. Pilocarpine stimulates the secretion of large amounts of saliva and sweat. |
In vivo study | The Pilocarpine-induced saliva secretion of the control rats (CN) and exercised (EX) rats is examined. A significantly greater amount of saliva is induced by Pilocarpine in the EX rats than in the CN rats (P<0.01). Conversely, the Na + concentration in the saliva of the EX rats is significantly lower than that of the CN rats (P<0.05). |
Risk Codes | R26/28 - Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R25 - Toxic if swallowed R23 - Toxic by inhalation |
Safety Description | S25 - Avoid contact with eyes. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
UN IDs | UN 1544 6.1/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | TK1450000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-8-10 |
HS Code | 29399990 |
Hazard Class | 6.1 |
Packing Group | III |