azotoyperite
mechlorethamine hydrochloride
CAS: 55-86-7
Molecular Formula: C5H12Cl3N
azotoyperite - Names and Identifiers
| Name | mechlorethamine hydrochloride |
| Synonyms | c6866 antimit caryolysine azotoyperite chlormethine hydrochloride Chloromethine Hydrochloride mechlorethamine hydrochloride nitrogen mustard hydrochloride N-methyl-bis(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride 1,5-dichloro-3-methyl-3-azapentanehydrochloride beta,beta'-dichlorodiethyl-n-methylaminehydrochloride 2-chloro-n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-methyl-ethanaminhydrochloride 2-chloro-n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-methylethanaminehydrochlroide |
| CAS | 55-86-7 |
| EINECS | 200-246-0 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C5H11Cl2N.ClH/c6-3-1-5(8)2-4-7;/h5H,1-4,8H2;1H |
azotoyperite - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C5H12Cl3N |
| Molar Mass | 192.51 |
| Density | 1.4424 (rough estimate) |
| Melting Point | 108-111°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 315.95°C (rough estimate) |
| Solubility | H2O: very soluble |
| Color | Leaflets from Me2CO or CHCl3 |
| Merck | 13,5798 |
| pKa | pKa 6.43 (Uncertain) |
| Storage Condition | −20°C |
| Stability | Stable. Hygroscopic. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Refractive Index | 1.6300 (estimate) |
| Use | Used as an antineoplastic agent |
| In vitro study | Under nitrogen, Mechlorethamine was less toxic to rat hepatocytes and caused less lipid peroxidation than under aerobic conditions. In rabbit tracheal primary cultures, Mechlorethamine significantly inhibited cell growth and resulted in cell isolation associated with cytoskeletal protein rearrangements. In primary cultures of rabbit trachea, Mechlorethamine caused early lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, which was associated with a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes associated with increased glutathione content. |
| In vivo study | Mechlorethamine (1.5 mg/kg I. v.) reduce the average white blood cell count in rabbits from 6,320mm Mechlorethamine (0.005 mg -0.5 mg, I. d.) to cause dose-dependent skin ulcers in mice, isotonic (0.167 M) or hypertonic (0.34 M) sodium thiosulfate (0.05 ml) was given immediately after injection of Mechlorethamine, significantly reduced mean HN2 ulcer area and total ulcer time. |
azotoyperite - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | T+ - Very toxic |
| Risk Codes | R45 - May cause cancer R46 - May cause heritable genetic damage R28 - Very Toxic if swallowed R34 - Causes burns R42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R27/28 - R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | UN 2811 6.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | IA2100000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2921196190 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1(a) |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 1.1 i.v.; 1.9 s.c. (Anslow) |
azotoyperite - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is N-methyl-N-(2-chloroethyl)-2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride. The content of C5H11C12N • HCl shall not be less than 98.5% calculated on a dry basis.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
azotoyperite - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is a white crystalline powder; It is wet and corrosive.
- This product is easily soluble in water and easily soluble in ethanol.
melting point
The melting point of this product (General 0612) is 108 ~ l11 ℃.
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:26
azotoyperite - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- take about 50mg of this product, add 0.1 sodium thiosulfate titration solution (mol/L) and 50mg sodium oxycarbonate, carefully heat and cool, add dilute hydrochloric acid to make it acidic, add Iodine titration solution (0.05mol/L)l drops, yellow shall not disappear.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the control (Spectrum set 390).
- This product is chloride identification reaction (General 0301).
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:26
azotoyperite - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
acidity
take 50mg of this product, add 25ml of water to dissolve, and then measure it according to law (General rule 0631). The pH value should be 3.0~5.0.
loss on drying
take this product, put it in a phosphorus pentoxide dryer, and dry it under reduced pressure at 60°C to constant weight, and the weight loss shall not exceed 0.5% (General rule 0831).
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:27
azotoyperite - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
take about 0.2g of this product, precision weighing, add 1 mol/L potassium hydroxide solution of 15ml, add water 15ml, shake, heat reflux for 2 hours, evaporation on a water bath to reduce the volume of the solution by half, diluted with water to about 150ml, plus nitric acid 3ml, precision plus silver nitrate titration solution (0.lmol/L) 50ml, vigorously shaking, filtering, washing with water filter flooding, combined filtrate and wash, add 10% ammonium ferric sulfate 1ml, with ammonium thiocyanate titration solution (0.1 mol/L) titration to the solution is light red-brown, and the results of the titration with blank test correction. Each 1ml of silver nitrate titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 6.418mg of C5H11Cl2N. HCl.
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:27
azotoyperite - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
antineoplastic agents.
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:28
azotoyperite - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
light shielding, sealed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:28
azotoyperite - Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride injection
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is a sterile solution of hydrochloric acid nitrogen mustard. Nitrogen mustard containing HCl (C5H11C12N • HCl) shall be between 90.0% and 110.0% of the labeled amount.
trait
This product is colorless or almost colorless clear viscous liquid.
identification
(1) take 2ml of this product, add 10ml of water and lml of sodium hydroxide solution, extract with ether shaking, separate the ether layer, add lml of water and 2 drops of dilute hydrochloric acid, distill off the ether, add 2 drops of potassium iodide test solution, which generates white turbidity and precipitation.
(2) This product chloride identification (1) of the reaction (General 0301).
examination
- pH value: take 2ml of this product, add 8ml of water, and measure it according to law (General rule 0631). The pH value should be 3.0~5.0.
- bacterial endotoxin this product, according to the law to check (General 1143), each 1 mg nitrogen mustard containing endotoxin should be less than 12EU.
- others should comply with the relevant provisions under injection (General 0102).
Content determination
take an appropriate amount of this product (about 0.1g of nitrogen hydrochloride) with a volume pipette, place it in a plug Erlenmeyer flask, add a small amount of water to wash out the attached liquid on the inner wall of the pipette, wash the liquid into the Erlenmeyer flask, add sodium bicarbonate 0.lg, precision plus sodium thiosulfate titration solution (0.1 mol/L) 20ml, after standing for 2.5 hours, add 2ml of starch indicator solution, titrate with Iodine titration solution (0.05mol/L) until the solution shows blue, the results of the titration were corrected by a blank test. Each 1 ml of sodium thiosulfate titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 9.626mg of C5H11C12N. HCl.
category
nitrogen mustard hydrochloride.
specification
(l)lml:5mg (2)2ml:lOmg
storability
light shielding, closed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 15:34:29
azotoyperite - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| anti-tumor drugs | Embising, also known as nitrogen mustard and nitrogen mustard hydrochloride, is one of the earliest drugs used in clinical tumors and can be used as other alkylating agents The representative of anti-tumor drugs, its derivatives still occupy a certain position in clinical treatment. This class of drugs have active alkylation genes, which can work with cell amino, sulfhydryl, carboxyl and phosphoric acid, etc., affect cell metabolism, and cause cell death. It is a cell cycle non-specific drug. After this product enters the human body, it hydrolyzes and releases chloride ions in the body to become free radicals. Through intramolecular loop formation, it forms highly active ethyleneimine ions, which can alkylate with deoxyribonucleic acid, affect nucleic acid metabolism, and inhibit cell mitosis, Has a strong cytotoxic effect. The disadvantage is that the effect on tumor cells and normal cells is not much different, the selectivity is poor, so the toxicity is also large. Enbicin dissociates quickly after entering the body, and the drug 90% in plasma disappears within 0.5~1 minutes, so the effect is short. But its effect can last for a long time. There is no obvious selectivity in the distribution in the body, but the distribution in the brain is less, and a very small amount is discharged from the urine in its original form. At present, Enbicin has been clinically used to treat malignant lymphoma in my country, including Hodgkin's disease, lymphosarcoma, reticulocyte sarcoma, giant follicular lymphoma, mycosis fungoides and lung cancer, especially for undifferentiated cancer Has a good effect. If combined medication, the effect is better. It also has a certain effect on chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, chorioepithelial cancer, etc. In addition, the method of abdominal aorta occlusion (half-body occlusion) and intravenous injection of high-dose nitrogen mustard has a good effect in the treatment of head and neck cancer (such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma), which can protect part of the bone marrow and relatively increase the distribution of upper body drugs. Topical use of its ethanol or dimethyl sulfoxide (0.05%) solution to treat psoriasis, vitiligo, mycosis fungoides also has a good short-term effect. Malignant body cavity effusion can be injected into thoracic, abdominal or pericardial cavity. Embixing can also be used as an immunosuppressant. |
| biological activity | Mechlorethamine is the prototype of alkylating agent, which works by binding to DNA, crosslinking double strands and preventing cell replication. |
| Target | Value |
| Use | Used as an antineoplastic drug |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 10 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50:20 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | combustion produces toxic nitrogen oxides and chloride smoke; drug side effects: nausea, vomiting, decreased number of white blood cells and platelets |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; separate from food raw materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | dry powder, foam, sand, carbon dioxide, mist water |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
