dimethylamidkyselinymravenci
N,N-Dimethylformamide
CAS: 68-12-2; 68-18-2;1968-12-2
Molecular Formula: C3H7NO
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Names and Identifiers
| Name | N,N-Dimethylformamide |
| Synonyms | DMF Dimethylformamide Formdimethylamide Dimethyl Formamide Formyldimethylamine N,N-Dimethylformamide N,N-dimethyl-Formamide dimethylamidkyselinymravenci amide,n,n-dimethyl-formicaci N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, 4X25 ML Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, MOLECULARBIOLOGY REAGENT N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE NEUTRAL MARKER*FOR CAPILLARY |
| CAS | 68-12-2 68-18-2 1968-12-2 |
| EINECS | 200-679-5 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C3H7NO/c1-4(2)3-5/h3H,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C3H7NO |
| Molar Mass | 73.09 |
| Density | 0.944 g/mL (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -61 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 153 °C (lit.) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | 0.94 º |
| Flash Point | 136°F |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Solubility | water: miscible |
| Vapor Presure | 2.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.5 (vs air) |
| Appearance | liquid |
| Color | APHA: ≤15 |
| Odor | Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted). |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | λ: 270 nm Amax: 1.00λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.30λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.10λ: 310 nm Amax: 0.05λ: 340-400 nm Amax: |
| Merck | 14,3243 |
| BRN | 605365 |
| pKa | -0.44±0.70(Predicted) |
| PH | 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Explosive Limit | 2.2-16%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.430(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Density 0.945 melting point -61°C boiling point 153°C refractive index 1.429-1.432 flash point 58°C specific rotation 0.94 ° water-soluble solution |
| Use | Used as analytical reagents and ethylene resin, acetylene solvent |
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | T - Toxic |
| Risk Codes | R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child R20/21 - Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R36 - Irritating to the eyes |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | UN 2265 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | LQ2100000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29241990 |
| Hazard Note | Toxic |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice, rats (ml/kg): 6.8, 7.6 orally; 6.2, 4.7 i.p. (Bartsch) |
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Upstream Downstream Industry
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless, light amine-flavored liquid. The explosive limit of the mixture of mp vapor and air is 2.2% ~ 15.2%. Miscible with water and usually organic solvents. Fire, high heat can cause combustion explosion. It can react with concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid and even explosive. Flammable, in case of open flame, high heat or contact with oxidant, there is a risk of combustion explosion. With concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid reaction, and even explosive. Strong reactions can occur with halides such as carbon tetrachloride.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
carbon monoxide was prepared by passing carbon monoxide into a methanol solution of dimethylamine at low temperature and low pressure in the presence of sodium methoxide. Alternatively, it is prepared by the reaction of formic acid or methyl formate with dimethylamine.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:24:40
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Use
Open Data Verified Data
used as a stationary phase in gas-liquid chromatography. It is an aprotic polar organic solvent with high dielectric constant, which is mainly used as a solvent for extracting acetylene and acrylonitrile wire drawing.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:24:40
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
mouse, rat LD50( mL/kg):6.8,7.6 (oral);6.2,4.7 (intraperitoneal injection). Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. Keep the container sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidant, reducing agent, halogen, etc., and mixed storage is not required.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:24:41
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Security data
[dangerous goods mark]
T
[hazard category code]
R61-R20/21-R36
[safety instructions]
S53-S45
[Dangerous Goods Transport Number]
UN 2265 3/PG 3
[WGK Germany]
1
[RTECS]
LQ2100000
[RTECS No.]
LQ2100000
[f]
3-10
[auto-ignition temperature]
445 °C
[Hazard Note]
Toxic
[TSCA]
Yes
[HazardClass]
3
[hazard level]
3
[PackingGroup]
III
[packaging category]
III
[customs code]
29241990
[customs code]
29241990
[toxic substance data]
68-12-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
[toxicity]
LD50 in mice, rats (ml/kg): 6.8, 7.6 orally; 6.2, 4.7 I .p. (Bartsch)
Last Update：2024-04-28 13:02:51
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Toxicity protection
[protective measures]
Low toxicity, slight irritation to skin and mucous membranes. The oral LD50 of mice was 1120mg/kg. Rabbit skin contact LD50 is 5000mg/kg. However, its raw material dimethylamine is highly toxic and has serious damage to the liver. Therefore, the production equipment should be sealed and the operators should wear protective articles.
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:48:06
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Physical and chemical properties
[appearance]
Colorless transparent liquid. It is a polar inert solvent. It can be mixed with water and most organic solvents except halogenated hydrocarbons.
[solubility]
water: miscible
[acidity coefficient (pKa)]
-0.44±0.70(Predicted)
[form]
Powder
[color]
APHA: ≤15
[PH]
7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
[Odor]
Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm
[relative polarity]
0.386
[explosion limit (explosive limit)]
2.2-16%(V)
[olfactory threshold (Odor Threshold)]
1.8ppm
[maximum wavelength (& lambda;max)]
λ: 270 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.30
λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.10
λ: 310 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 340-400 nm Amax: 0.01
[exposure limit]
NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted).
[InChIKey]
ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
[CAS database]
68-12-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
[(IARC) Carcinogen Classification]
2A (Vol. 47, 71, 115) 2018
[NIST Chemical Information]
Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-(68-12-2)
[EPA Chemical Information]
Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-(68-12-2)
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:49:14
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Purification and water removal methods
DMF can be mixed with most organic solvents and water at will, and has good solubility for organic and inorganic compounds. N,N-dimethylformamide contains a small amount of water. Some decomposition during atmospheric distillation produces dimethylamine and carbon monoxide. In the presence of acid or base, decomposition is accelerated. Therefore, after adding solid potassium hydroxide (sodium) and leaving it at room temperature for a few hours, it will be partially decomposed. Therefore, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, barium oxide, silica gel or molecular sieve are most commonly dried and then distilled under reduced pressure to collect a fraction of 76 ℃/4800Pa(36mmHg). If there is more water, 1/10 volume of benzene can be added, water and benzene can be distilled at normal pressure and below 80 ℃, then dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate or barium oxide, and finally distilled under reduced pressure. The purified N,N-dimethylformamide should be stored away from light. If there is a free amine in N,N-dimethylformamide, it can be checked by 2,4 dinitrofluorobenzene to produce color.
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:49:41
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Toxicity
acute toxicity: LD50:400 mg/kg (rat oral);5000 mg/kg (rabbit percutaneous). LC50:9400 mg/m3,2 h (inhalation in mice). People inhaled 30~60 ppm, gastrointestinal symptoms, liver function may be abnormal, jaundice, increased urobilinogen, proteinuria; People inhaled 10~20 ppm (sometimes 30 ppm), headache, loss of appetite, nausea, normal liver function and electrocardiogram.
Subacute and chronic toxicity: rats inhaled 2500 mg/m 3,6 h/d,5 d,80% died, liver and lung lesions; People inhaled 5.1~49 mg/m3 × 3 years, neurasthenia syndrome, low blood pressure and liver function changes.
Metabolism: After N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is absorbed by various pathways, it is mainly metabolized by the liver and excreted faster. The main target organ is the liver, and the kidney also has certain damage. It is mainly demethylated by the mixed function oxidase of microsomes in the liver, and a methyl group is removed. The metabolites are methylformamide and formamide, which are metabolized rapidly; formamide stays in the blood slightly longer, and then metabolizes Formic acid and ammonia are excreted. Part of dimethylformamide is excreted from urine and exhalation as its original form.
Health hazards:
It has a stimulating effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Steam can cause mild to moderate irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. Contaminated skin can cause light and heavy burns, wrinkled skin, white complexion, accompanied by burning pain, severe cases can make the skin swollen, severe burning pain. Contaminated eyes cause burning pain, tears, conjunctival congestion; severe cases can cause corneal necrosis.
Gastrointestinal symptoms: Patients often have loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and constipation, and a few cases have upper and middle abdominal pain.
Liver: Liver damage is often prominent during acute poisoning. The patient has obvious fatigue, right upper abdominal distension and pain, discomfort, jaundice, gradual enlargement of the liver, tenderness, and routine liver function tests show abnormalities, among which the increase in serum transaminase is more obvious. The disease is generally not serious, it can be gradually reduced after treatment, and the condition can be completely recovered within a few weeks.
Severe acute poisoning: manifested as severe toxic liver disease, occupational poisoning is rare, exposure to high concentrations, especially those with serious skin pollution, who have not been thoroughly cleaned in time, should be alert to the occurrence of serious poisoning.
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:50:03
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Emergency handling
treatment principle:
Get out of the scene, take off the contaminated clothes, and rinse with clean water immediately when the skin is contaminated.
No specific antidote, mainly to protect the liver.
symptomatic treatment, such as hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.
Severe poisoning patients can use adrenal glucocorticoid.
Preventive measures:
The production process is as closed as possible, and local suction and waste gas recovery are strengthened. When repairing the equipment, the anti-virus mask should be used reasonably. This product should be avoided from contact with concentrated lye to avoid producing another poison-dimethylamine.
Hazard classification (GB 5044-85): Grade III (moderate hazard).
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:50:33
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Application field
[use 1]
Used as analytical reagent and solvent for vinyl resin and acetylene
[purpose 2]
It is an excellent organic solvent. It is used as a solvent for polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, and polyvinyl chloride. It is also used as a raw material for extractants, medicines and pesticides.
[purpose 3]
dimethylformamide is not only a chemical raw material with a wide range of uses, but also an excellent solvent with a wide range of uses. Dimethylformamide is a good solvent for a variety of polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, etc., and can be used for wet spinning of synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fibers and the synthesis of polyurethane; Used for plastic film making; it can also be used as a paint remover to remove paint; it can also dissolve some low-solubility pigments, making the pigments have the characteristics of dyes. Dimethylformamide is used for aromatic extraction and for separation and recovery of butadiene from C4 fraction and recovery of isoprene from C5 fraction. It can also be used as an effective reagent for separation of non-hydrocarbon components from paraffin. It has good selectivity for the solubility of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid: the solubility of isophthalic acid in dimethylformamide is greater than that of terephthalic acid, and solvent extraction or partial crystallization in dimethylformamide can separate the two. In the petrochemical industry, dimethylformamide can be used as a gas absorbent to separate and refine gases. In organic reactions, dimethylformamide is not only widely used as a solvent for the reaction, but also an important intermediate for organic synthesis. It can be used to produce chlordimeform in the pesticide industry; it can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to synthesize iodoaminopyrimidine, doxycycline, cortisone, vitamin B6, iodoside, debenzoate, thiopyrimidine, N-formyl lysosarcoma, anti-tumor acid, methoxyl mustard, bianoxyl mustard, cyclohexanuride, fufluuracil, hemostatic. Dimethylformamide has a catalytic effect in the reactions of hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, dehydration and dehydrohalogenation, which reduces the reaction temperature and improves the purity of the product.
[use 4]
reagents for titration of non-aqueous solutions, solvents of ethylene resin and acetylene, organic synthesis, photometric determination, gas chromatography stationary solution (maximum service temperature 50 ℃, solvent is methanol), separation and analysis of C2-C5 hydrocarbons, and separation of normal and isobutylene-[1] and cis and trans-butylene-[2]. Analysis of pesticide residues. Organic synthesis. Synthesis of peptides. For photographic industry.
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:51:08
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Reference Information
| Overview | dimethylformamide (DMF). A compound formed by substitution of a hydroxyl group of formic acid with a dimethylamine group and having the molecular formula HCON(CH3)2. Is a colorless transparent high boiling point liquid, with a light amine flavor, relative density of 0.9445(25 degrees C). Melting Point -61 °c. Boiling point 152.8 °c. Flash point 57.78 °c. The vapor density was 2.51. The vapor pressure was 0.49kpa(3.7mm HG 25 °c). Spontaneous ignition point 445. The explosive limit of the mixture of vapor and air is 2.2 ~ 15.2%. Fire, high heat can cause combustion explosion. It can react with concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid and even explosive. Miscible with water and most organic solvents. It is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Pure dimethylformamide is odorless, but industrial-grade or deteriorated dimethylformamide has a fishy odor because it contains impurities of dimethylamine. The name is derived because it is a dimethyl substituent of Formamide (the amide of formic acid) and both methyl groups are located on the N (nitrogen) atom. Dimethylformamide is a polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent having a high boiling point, and can promote the progress of the SN2 reaction mechanism. Dimethylformamide is produced using formic acid and dimethylamine. Dimethylformamide is unstable (especially at elevated temperatures) in the presence of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide or a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, and hydrolyzes to formic acid and dimethylamine. It is stable in air and when heated to boiling. When the temperature is higher than 350 ° C, the water is lost, and carbon monoxide and dimethylamine are formed. N,N-dimethylformamide is a good aprotic polar solvent, can dissolve most organic and inorganic matter, and water, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons can be miscible. The positively charged one end of the N,N-dimethylformamide molecule is surrounded by a methyl group, forming a steric obstruction that makes negative ions inaccessible, and only positive ions are associated. The activity of a naked negative ion is much greater than that of a solvated negative ion. Many ionic reactions proceed more easily in N,N-dimethylformamide than in common protic solvents. For example, carboxylates react with halogenated hydrocarbons in N,N-dimethylformamide at room temperature, it can produce esters with high yield, and is particularly suitable for the synthesis of sterically hindered esters. |
| purification and water removal method | DMF can be mixed with most organic solvents and water at will, the solubility of organic and inorganic compounds is better. N,N-dimethylformamide contains a small amount of water. Some decomposition of atmospheric distillation, produce dimethylamine and carbon monoxide. Decomposition is accelerated in the presence of acid or base. Therefore, the addition of solid potassium hydroxide (sodium) was partially decomposed after several hours at room temperature. Thus, most commonly, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, barium oxide, silica gel or molecular sieves are dried and then distilled under reduced pressure to collect a fraction of 76 °c/4800PA (36mm Hg). When there is more water, 1/10 volume of benzene may be added, distilled off water and benzene at normal pressure and below 80 ° C., then dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate or barium oxide, and finally distilled under reduced pressure. The purified N,N-dimethylformamide was stored in the dark. If free amine is present in N,N-dimethylformamide, it can be checked by color generation of 2,4 dinitrofluorobenzene. |
| Use of dimethylformamide | dimethylformamide is a good solvent for a variety of high polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, etc, it can be used for wet spinning of synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fibers, synthesis of polyurethane; For plastic film; Can also be used as paint remover to remove paint; It can also dissolve some low solubility pigments, so that the pigment with the characteristics of dyes. Dimethylformamide is used in aromatic extraction and in the separation and recovery of butadiene from the C4 fraction and isoprene from the C5 fraction. It is also useful as an effective reagent for the separation of non-hydrocarbon components from paraffin. It has good selectivity to the solubility of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid: the solubility of isophthalic acid in dimethylformamide is greater than that of terephthalic acid, and the two can be separated by solvent extraction or partial crystallization in formamide. In the petrochemical industry, dimethylformamide can be used as a gas absorbent for the separation and purification of gases. As a washing curing agent in the polyurethane industry, it is mainly used in the production of wet synthetic leather; As a solvent in the acrylic fiber industry, it is mainly used in the dry spinning production of acrylic fiber; in the electronics industry as the quenching of tin-plated parts and circuit board cleaning; Other industries including carriers of dangerous gases, pharmaceutical crystallization solvents, adhesives, etc. In organic reactions, dimethylformamide is not only widely used as a reaction solvent, but also an important intermediate in organic synthesis. Pesticide industry can be used to produce chlordimeform; Pharmaceutical industry can be used for the synthesis of iodoamine pyrimidine, doxycycline, cortisone, vitamin B6, iodin, quetiapine, thiopyrimidine, N-formyl soluble sarcoma, anti-tumor amino acid, methoxyaryl mustard, bianmustard, cyclohexylisourea, fuflurouracil, haemostatic cyclic acid, trimethoprim, megestrol, vitamin A, chlorpheniramine, production of sulfonamides. Dimethylformamide in The hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, dehydration and dehydrohalogenation reaction has a catalytic effect, so that the reaction temperature is reduced, and the purity of the product is improved. |
| universal solvent-dimethylformamide | dimethylformamide is mainly used as a low volatility solvent. Dimethylformamide is used in the manufacture of acrylic fibers and plastics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is also used in the manufacture of pesticides, adhesives, artificial leather, fiber, film and surface coating. Dimethylformamide is a reagent for the bouveult aldehyde synthesis reaction and the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, another useful aldehyde synthesis reaction. In the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the protons on the methyl group of dimethylformamide form two single peaks because the rotation rate of the carbonyl carbon-nitrogen bond is very slow in the time scale of nuclear magnetic resonance. The degree of the carbon-nitrogen bond of the carbonyl group is greater than one, and the degree of the carbon-oxygen bond of the amide is less than two. In the infrared spectrum of the amide, the C = O band pass is often less than 1700cm − 1, because its C = O bond is weakened by the electron density of oxygen supplied from nitrogen. Dimethylformamide is commonly used as one of the components of paint scavengers because it penetrates most plastics and expands them. Dimethylformamide has also been used as a "universal solvent", but also has its limitations. High boiling point, 154 ° C, as a solvent for many polymer materials is more appropriate, in organic synthesis should be carefully selected, often encounter solvent removal is not net. In addition, it can be miscible with water, and the simple method of recovering the solvent is difficult to dehydrate. At the cost, it can be washed out with water, and the feasibility of mass production should be considered in the small test. Cost and wastewater treatment options need to be accounted. |
| preparation | N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) can be synthesized directly from CO and (CH3)2NH, which is called one-step method, that is, using sodium methoxide as a catalyst, CO and (CH3)2NH were synthesized at 120 ° C. Under 1.8MPa. |
| toxicity of dimethylformamide | Acute toxicity: LD50:400 mg/kg (oral) in rats; 5000 mg/kg (rabbit skin). LC50:9400 mg/m3,2 h (Mouse Inhalation). Human inhalation of 30~60 ppm, gastrointestinal symptoms, liver function may be abnormal, jaundice, increased urinary bile, proteinuria; Human inhalation of 10~20 ppm (sometimes 30 ppm), Head Pain, loss of appetite, nausea, liver function and ECG were normal. Subacute and chronic toxicity: rats inhaled 2500 mg/m for 3,6 h/d,5 d,80% died, liver and lung lesions; people inhaled 5.1~49 mg/m3 × 3 years, appeared neurasthenia syndrome, low blood pressure, liver function changes. Metabolism: N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is absorbed by various ways, mainly by the liver metabolism, excretion is fast, the main target organ is the liver, the kidney also has certain damage. Demethylation is mainly performed by intrahepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase to remove a methyl group, and the metabolite is methylformamide and formamide, which is rapidly metabolized; Formamide is slightly retained in blood for a long time, and then metabolized to formic acid and ammonia excretion. Part of the dimethylformamide was excreted as a prototype from the urine and exhaled breath. Health hazards: eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation. Vapor can cause eye, upper respiratory tract mild to moderate irritation symptoms. Contaminated skin can cause light, heavy range of Burns, skin wrinkling, white skin color, accompanied by burning pain, severe cases can make the skin swelling, severe burning pain. Contaminated eyes cause burning pain, tears, Conjunctival Congestion; Severe cases can cause corneal necrosis. Gastrointestinal symptoms: Patients often have loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomit, abdominal discomfort and constipation, a small number of cases have Abdominal Pain. Liver: acute liver damage is often more prominent, the patient has obvious Fatigue, right upper abdominal distending pain, discomfort, jaundice, liver gradually enlarged, tenderness, routine liver function tests showed abnormal, the elevation of serum transaminase was obvious. Lesions are generally not serious, after treatment can be gradually reduced, within a few weeks the disease can be completely restored. Severe acute poisoning: manifested as severe toxic liver disease, occupational poisoning is rare, exposure to high concentrations, especially serious skin pollution, not timely and thoroughly washed, should be alert to serious poisoning. |
| Emergency Treatment | treatment principle: when leaving the site, remove contaminated clothing, and immediately rinse with clean water when the skin is contaminated. No specific antidote, mainly to protect the liver. Symptomatic treatment, such as hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. Severe poisoning can be applied to glucocorticoid. Preventive measures: the production process is as closed as possible, and the partial air suction and waste gas recovery are strengthened. During equipment maintenance, the use of anti-virus masks should be reasonable. Should avoid this product and concentrated alkali contact, so as not to produce another poison-dimethylamine. Hazard classification (GB 5044-85): Class III (moderate hazard). |
| Chemical properties | colorless transparent liquid. Polar inert solvent. In addition to halogenated hydrocarbons can be mixed with water and most organic solvents. |
| Application | is an excellent organic solvent, used as polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride solvent, also used as extractant, used as analytical reagent and ethylene resin, acetylene solvent dimethylformamide is a kind of chemical raw materials with very wide use, it is also an excellent solvent with a wide range of uses. Dimethylformamide is a good solvent for a variety of high polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide and the like, and can be used for wet spinning of synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fibers and the synthesis of polyurethane; it can also be used as a paint remover to remove paint; It can also dissolve some pigments with low solubility, so that the pigment has the characteristics of a dye. Dimethylformamide is used in aromatic extraction and in the separation and recovery of butadiene from the C4 fraction and isoprene from the C5 fraction. It is also useful as an effective reagent for the separation of non-hydrocarbon components from paraffin. It has good selectivity to the solubility of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid: the solubility of isophthalic acid in dimethylformamide is greater than that of terephthalic acid, and the two can be separated by solvent extraction or partial crystallization in formamide. In the petrochemical industry, dimethylformamide can be used as a gas absorbent for the separation and purification of gases. In organic reactions, dimethylformamide is not only widely used as a reaction solvent, but also an important intermediate in organic synthesis. Pesticide industry can be used to produce chlordimeform; Pharmaceutical industry can be used for the synthesis of iodoamine pyrimidine, doxycycline, cortisone, vitamin B6, iodin, quetiapine, thiopyrimidine, N-formyl soluble sarcoma, anti-tumor amino acid, methoxyaryl mustard, dinitrogen mustard, cyclohexylisourea, fuflurouracil, haemostatic cyclic acid, megestrol, vitamin A, chlorpheniramine, etc. Dimethylformamide in The hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, dehydration and dehydrohalogenation reaction has a catalytic effect, so that the reaction temperature is reduced, and the purity of the product is improved. Non-aqueous titration solvent. Ethylene resins and acetylene solvents. Photometric determination. Gas chromatography stationary liquid (the highest use temperature of 50 ℃, the solvent is methanol), separation and analysis of C2 ~ C5 hydrocarbons, and can separate the normal and isobutene and CIS, trans a2-butene. Analysis of pesticide residues. Organic Synthesis. Synthesis of peptides. For the photographic industry. |
| production method | Since the first synthesis of dimethylformamide by the reaction of formic acid and dimethylamine in 1899, the process methods of synthesizing dimethylformamide from different raw materials were developed, such as dimethylamine-Carbon monoxide method, formamide-dimethylamine method, cyanic acid-methanol method, acetonitrile-methanol method, methyl formate-dimethylamine method, chloral-dimethylamine method and so on. However, the industrial production abroad is still dominated by dimethylamine-Carbon monoxide method. 1. Methyl formate-dimethylamine method methyl formate is formed by esterification of formic acid with methanol, then reacted with dimethylamine in gas phase to form dimethylformamide, and methanol and unreacted methyl formate are recovered by distillation, and then vacuum distillation is carried out to obtain a finished product. Dimethylamine-carbon monoxide by dimethylamine and carbon monoxide in sodium methoxide under the action of direct reaction derived. The reaction conditions were 1.5-2.5MPa and 110-150 °c. The crude product is subjected to distillation to obtain a finished product. 3. Methyl formate is synthesized from carbon monoxide and methanol through carbonyl under high pressure and temperature of 80-100 ℃, and then reacted with dimethylamine to form dimethylformamide, and the finished product is obtained after rectification. The chloral method is derived from the reaction of chloral with dimethylamine. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 2800 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 3750 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | eye-rabbit 100 mg severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in open flame, high temperature, strong oxidant; combustion emission toxic nitrogen oxide smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The package is complete, light and light unloading; The warehouse is ventilated, away from open flame, high temperature, and oxidant, separate storage of acid |
| fire extinguishing agent | foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand |
| Occupational Standard | TLV-TWA 10 PPM (30 mg/m3); Tel 20 PPM (60 mg/m3) |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 2A (Vol. 47, 71, 115) 2018 |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 445°C |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 500 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:51:59
dimethylamidkyselinymravenci - Packaging, storage and transportation
[routine]
it is packed with alloy steel (carbon steel), austenitic chrome nickel steel (V2A) and aluminum barrel or galvanized iron barrel with a net weight of 200kg. The moving parts in contact with this product must be graphite and not lubricated with grease. Storage and transportation according to the provisions of flammable chemicals.
Last Update：2024-04-17 14:52:28
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View History
Raw Materials for dimethylamidkyselinymravenci
Dimethylamine
Methyl alcohol
Sodium methoxide
Methyl formate
Ammonia
carbon monoxide,cyl. with 10 L (net~3kg)
Methyl alcohol
Sodium methoxide
Methyl formate
Ammonia
carbon monoxide,cyl. with 10 L (net~3kg)
Downstream Products for dimethylamidkyselinymravenci