sucrose
D(+)-Sucrose
CAS: 57-50-1
Molecular Formula: C12H22O11
sucrose - Names and Identifiers
| Name | D(+)-Sucrose |
| Synonyms | SUGAR Sucrose SUCROSE SACCHARUM SACCHAROSE D(+)-Sucrose sucrose, pure D-(+)-Sucrose D-(+)-Saccharose SUCROSE SOLUTION SUCROSE STANDARD Erlotinib-d16 HCl SUCROSE CONFECTIONERS Sucrose, protease free Sucrose, MB Grade (1.07654) hex-2-ulofuranosyl hexopyranoside a-D-Glucopyranosyl b-D-fructofuranoside Sucrose, Ultra Pure, Molecular Biology Grade beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside |
| CAS | 57-50-1 |
| EINECS | 200-334-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C12H22O11/c13-1-4-6(16)8(18)9(19)11(21-4)23-12(3-15)10(20)7(17)5(2-14)22-12/h4-11,13-20H,1-3H2/t4-,5-,6-,7-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12+/m1/s1 |
| InChIKey | CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N |
sucrose - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C12H22O11 |
| Molar Mass | 342.3 |
| Density | 1.5805 |
| Melting Point | 185-187 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 397.76°C (rough estimate) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | 67 º (c=26, in water 25 ºC) |
| Flash Point | 93.3°C |
| Water Solubility | 1970 g/L (15 ºC) |
| Solubility | 1g soluble in 0.5ml of water, 170ml of ethanol, about 100ml of methanol, slightly soluble in glycerol and pyridine |
| Vapor Presure | 1.79E-22mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | White crystal |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 10 mg/m3OSHA: TWA 15 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3NIOSH: TWA 10 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3 |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.11', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.08'] |
| Merck | 14,8881 |
| BRN | 90825 |
| pKa | 12.7(at 25℃) |
| PH | 5.0-7.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Hydrolyzed by dilute acids and by invertase. |
| Sensitive | Easily absorbing moisture |
| Refractive Index | 66.5 ° (C=26, H2O) |
| MDL | MFCD00006626 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White crystalline odorless solid with sweet taste. Relative density (D225) 1.587, melting point 170~186 deg C (decomposition). Soluble in water, insoluble in ether. |
| Use | Used as a standard for the analysis of organic elements |
sucrose - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | WN6500000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 17019910 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 29700 mg/kg |
sucrose - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
natural sucrose molecules are dextrorotatory, it is a D () a glucose and a D-(-) a fructose. The mixture of equal amounts of glucose and fructose produced after hydrolysis is levorotatory. Due to the hydrolysis of the optical rotation direction of the change, the general hydrolysis of sucrose products called invert sugar. Pure sucrose is colorless monoclinic wedge crystal or crystalline powder. The relative density is 1. 587, the melting point is 170~186 ℃ (decomposition), and the specific optical rotation is 66.5 ℃. Soluble in water, ethanol-soluble, insoluble in ethyl ether and ethyl ester and other organic solvents.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
sucrose - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
sucrose is mainly found in sugar cane and sugar beet in nature. Sugar cane content of up to 15% ~ 20%, sugar beet sugar content of up to 10% ~ 17%, a variety of other plant fruits, seeds, leaves, flowers, stems, roots also have different content. Usually sugar cane and beet root as raw material preparation. The sugar cane was fed into the pressing and shredding apparatus and the milling was repeated four times while water was added for dilution. Then, the feed liquid was filtered to remove the residue, and the filtrate was dehydrated and evaporated to dryness to form brown sugar, and the clarification was continued to produce white sugar. There are also raw sugar and non-sugar substances in the system after the sludge is removed, so that the color of the sugar solution is deeper and must be clarified before the crystallization of sucrose. Methods for clarification include (1) Adding lime. This is the oldest way to clarify. ②Sulfite treatment. With the addition of lime and sulfur dioxide, the calcium sulfite formed acts as a precipitation. ③ C02 treatment. C02 and lime form calcium carbonate to act as a precipitate. (4) ion exchange method. After clarification, the precipitate formed is removed from the bottom of the tank, and the resulting residue can be used as feed after pressing. Liquid juice decompression dehydration, and finally control the syrup supersaturation, so that the crystallization of sucrose, that is, crude sugar. Raw sugar contains more impurities, poor color, need to first wash sugar to remove molasses, and then water soluble sugar after clarification, and then filtered dehydration, and finally vacuum concentration, sucrose crystallization precipitation, after refining, the sucrose content can reach 99. 8%.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:13:31
sucrose - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is B- D-fructosyl-a-D-glucopyranoside.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
sucrose - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is colorless crystal or white crystalline loose powder; Odorless, sweet.
- This product is very soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and almost insoluble in anhydrous ethanol.
specific rotation
take this product, precision weighing, adding water to dissolve and quantitatively dilute to make about 0 in each lml. 1g of the solution was measured according to the law (General rule 0621), and the specific rotation was 66.3 ° to 67.0 °.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:28:05
sucrose - Introduction
Biological medium. Separation of calcium and magnesium. Determination of 1-naphthol. Masking agent for complexometric titration of boron. Standard for the determination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen by organic microanalysis.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:26:29
sucrose - Use
Open Data Verified Data
sucrose is the most commonly used sweetener. Worldwide annual sucrose production and consumption are (8000~10000) tons or so. Can also be used as chemical raw materials, such as the synthesis of sucrose esters.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:13:32
sucrose - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- take this product, add 0.05mol/L sulfuric acid solution, boil, neutralize with O.lmol/L sodium hydroxide solution, Add alkaline copper tartrate test solution, and heat to generate red precipitate of cuprous oxide.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the sucrose reference substance (General rule 0402).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:28:06
sucrose - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
color of solution
take 5g of this product and add 5ml of water to dissolve it. If the color is colored, it shall not be deeper compared with the yellow No. 4 standard colorimetric solution (General rule 0901 first method).
sulfate
take l.Og of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0802). Compared with the control solution made of 0.05% of standard potassium sulfate solution, it should not be more concentrated ().
reducing sugar
Take 5.0g of this product, put it in a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, add 25ml of water to dissolve it, add 25ml of basic copper citrate test solution and several grains of glass beads precisely, heat and reflux to make boiling within 3 minutes, from the time of complete boiling, continue boiling for 5 minutes, quickly cool to room temperature (at this time should be careful not to make cuprous oxide in the bottle contact with air), immediately add 25% potassium iodide solution 15ml, shake, with shaking with the slow addition of human sulfuric acid solution (l-5 )25ml, once the carbon dioxide stopped after the release, immediately with sodium thiosulfate titration solution (0.1 mol/L) titration, when the end point, add 2ml of starch indicator solution, continue titration until the blue disappeared, and do a blank test; Both consume sodium thiosulfate titration solution (0.lmol/L) the difference should not exceed 2.0 (0.10%).
ignition residue
take 2.0g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0841). The remaining residue shall not exceed 0.1%.
calcium salt
take this product l. Add 1 ml of ammonia test solution and 5ml of ammonium oxalate test solution, shake well, place for 1 hour, and mix with standard calcium solution (accurately weigh 0.125g of calcium carbonate and put it in a 500ml measuring flask), add water 5ml and hydrochloric acid 0.5ml to dissolve, add water to the scale, shake. Each 1 ml is equivalent to 0.10 mg of Ca) a control solution made of 5.0 ml should not be more concentrated (0.05%).
Heavy metals
The residue left under the item of ignition residue shall be inspected by law (general law 0821, Law II) and shall not contain more than 5 parts per million of heavy metals.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:28:07
sucrose - Reference Information
| pH range of acid-base indicator discoloration | 5.5 - 7 at 342g/l at 25°C |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 181.9g/0 ℃;190.6g/10 ℃;201.9g/20 ℃;216.7g/30 ℃;235.6g/40 ℃;259.6g/50 ℃ 288.8g/60 ℃;323.7g/70 ℃;365.1g/80 ℃;414.9g/90 ℃;476g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | GRAS(FDA,§ 184.1854,2000). Ld5029700 mg/kg (rat, oral). |
| Use limit | is not restrictive (FDA,§ 184.1854,2000). |
| Use | nutritive sweetener; Shaping and structuring agent. sucrose is the most common food and sugar, also used in citric acid, caramel, invert sugar, transparent soap. Sucrose can inhibit the growth of bacteria at high concentration, and can be used as a tablet excipient for preservatives and antioxidants. In 1980, the world production of raw sugar was 87.1 million t, including 52 million t of sucrose and 35 million t of beet sugar. Sucrose from sugar cane and sugar beet is limited by the natural conditions of slow development, the world's sugar deficiency is more serious. In addition, various special needs have promoted the research and development of new sweeteners, and many natural sweeteners and synthetic sweeteners have been found. Reagent sucrose is used for the determination of 1-naphthol, and also for the separation of calcium and magnesium and the preparation of biological medium. can be widely used in food, cosmetics, medicine, but also for analytical testing of standards. used as standard for organic elemental analysis reagent sucrose is used for the determination of 1-naphthol, and also for the separation of calcium and magnesium and the preparation of biological medium. Cell culture grade was used for sucrose gradient purification of Virus and protein. Plant cell culture grade is used for cryoprotection in plant cells. Molecular biology grade isobaric Centrifugation Methods for discontinuous sucrose density gradients, such as: isolation of mRNA from membrane bound ribosomes. Multi-substance preservation solution and auxiliary solution biological medium. Separation of calcium and magnesium. Determination of 1-naphthol. Masking agent for Complexometric titration of boron. Standards for the determination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen by organic microanalysis. |
| production method | sucrose comes in large amounts from cane sugar and sugar beet, sugar cane contains about 15-20% sucrose and sugar beet 10-17%. Various other fruits, seeds, leaves, flowers, roots also have different content. The sugar cane is squeezed out or the sugar beet slices are extracted with water, and the lime clarification method or the sulfurous acid saturation method is used to remove the impurities in the sugar juice. After filtration, the filtrate is concentrated in vacuum, recrystallization and separation of crude sugar, and then by decolorization, recrystallization and refined sugar. obtained by clarification, evaporation and crystallization of sugar cane or sugar beet after pressing or Diafiltration. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 18:58:34
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